Ama-VLAN aqinile abizwa nangokuthi ama-VLAN asekelwe echwebeni. Lokhu okokucacisa ukuthi iyiphi imbobo okungeyayo i-VLAN ID. Kusukela ezingeni lomzimba, ungacacisa ngokuqondile ukuthi i-LAN efakiwe ihambisana nechweba ngokuqondile.
Lapho umlawuli we-VLAN ekuqaleni elungiselela ubudlelwano obuhambisanayo phakathi kweshintshaport kanye ne-VLAN ID, ubudlelwano obuhambisanayo bulungisiwe. Okusho ukuthi, i-ID ye-VLAN eyodwa kuphela ehambisanayo ingasethwa ukuze kufinyelelwe imbobo futhi ayikwazi ukushintshwa kamuva ngaphandle uma umlawuli ephinda elungiselela.
Uma idivayisi ixhunywe kule mbobo, unganquma kanjani ukuthi i-VLAN ID yomsingathi ihambisana nembobo? Lokhu kunqunywa ngokuya ngokucushwa kwe-IP. Siyazi ukuthi i-VLAN ngayinye inenombolo ye-subnet futhi iyiphi imbobo ehambisana nayo. Uma ikheli le-IP elidingwa idivayisi lingafani nenombolo ye-subnet ye-VLAN ehambisana nembobo, uxhumano luyahluleka, futhi idivayisi ngeke ikwazi ukuxhumana ngokujwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kokuxhuma echwebeni elifanele, idivayisi kufanele futhi inikezwe ikheli le-IP eliyingxenye yenethiwekhi ye-VLAN, ukuze ingezwe ku-VLAN. Ukuze uqonde lokhu, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-subnet iqukethe i-IP kanye ne-subnet mask. Ngokuvamile, izingxenye ezintathu zokugcina kuphela ze-subnet zisetshenziselwa ukuqashelwa kwegama lokugcina.
.
Ukufingqa, sidinga ukumisa i-VLAN namachweba ngamunye ngamunye. Kodwa-ke, uma izimbobo ezingaphezu kwekhulu kunethiwekhi zidinga ukumiswa, umthwalo osebenzayo awukwazi ukuqedwa ngesikhathi esifushane. Futhi uma i-ID ye-VLAN idinga ukushintshwa, idinga ukusethwa kabusha-lokhu ngokusobala akuwafanele lawo manethiwekhi adinga ukushintsha ukwakheka kwe-topology njalo.
Ukuze kuxazululwe lezi zinkinga, umqondo we-VLAN oguqukayo wethuliwe. Iyini i-VLAN enamandla? Ake sibhekisise.
2. I-Dynamic VLAN: I-Dynamic VLAN ingashintsha i-VLAN yechweba nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngokuya ngekhompyutha exhunywe embotsheni ngayinye. Lokhu kungagwema imisebenzi engenhla, njengokushintsha izilungiselelo. Ama-VLAN anamandla angahlukaniswa abe izigaba ezintathu:
(1) I-VLAN enekheli le-MAC
I-VLAN esekelwe ekhelini le-MAC inquma ubunikazi bembobo ngokubuza nokurekhoda ikheli le-MAC lekhadi lenethiwekhi yekhompyutha exhunywe ethekwini. Ake sithi ikheli le-MAC elithi “B” limiswe njengele-VLAN 10 yi-shintsha, khona-ke kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi imbobo ikhompuyutha enekheli le-MAC elithi “A” exhunywe kuyo, imbobo izohlukaniswa nge-VLAN 10. Uma ikhompuyutha ixhunywe ku-port 1, imbobo 1 ingeye-VLAN 10; uma ikhompuyutha ixhumeke ku-port 2, imbobo 2 ingeye-VLAN 10. Inqubo yokuhlonza ibheka kuphela ikheli le-MAC, hhayi imbobo. Imbobo izohlukaniswa nge-VLAN ehambisanayo njengoba ikheli le-MAC lishintsha.
.
Nokho, ku-VLAN esekelwe ekhelini le-MAC, amakheli e-MAC awo wonke amakhompyutha axhunyiwe kufanele aphenywe futhi angene ngemvume phakathi nokusetha. Futhi uma ikhompuyutha ishintsha ikhadi lenethiwekhi, usadinga ukushintsha ukulungiselelwa ngoba ikheli le-MAC lifana nekhadi lenethiwekhi, elilingana ne-ID yehadiwe yekhadi lenethiwekhi.
(2) I-VLAN esekelwe ku-IP
I-VLAN esekelwe ku-Subnet inquma i-VLAN yembobo ngekheli le-IP lekhompyutha exhunyiwe. Ngokungafani ne-VLAN esekelwe ekhelini le-MAC, ngisho noma ikheli le-MAC lekhompyutha lishintsha ngenxa yokushintshaniswa kwamakhadi enethiwekhi noma ngenxa yezinye izizathu, inqobo nje uma ikheli layo le-IP lihlala lingashintshiwe, lingakwazi ukujoyina i-VLAN yokuqala.
Ngakho-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa nama-VLAN asekelwe kumakheli e-MAC, kulula ukushintsha isakhiwo senethiwekhi. Ikheli lasesizindeni se-inthanethi liwulwazi lwesendlalelo sesithathu kumodeli yesithenjwa ye-OSI, ukuze siqonde ukuthi i-VLAN esekelwe ku-subnet iyindlela yokusetha izixhumanisi zokufinyelela kusendlalelo sesithathu se-OSI.
(3) I-VLAN esekelwe kubasebenzisi
.
I-VLAN esuselwe kumsebenzisi inquma ukuthi ichweba nge-VLAN yiphi ngokusho komsebenzisi wamanje wokungena kukhompyutha exhunywe embobeni ngayinyeshintsha. Ulwazi lokuhlonza umsebenzisi lapha ngokuvamile kuwumsebenzisi ongene ohlelweni lokusebenza lwekhompyutha, njengegama lomsebenzisi elisetshenziswa esizindeni se-Windows. Ulwazi lwegama lomsebenzisi ololwazi olungenhla kwesendlalelo sesine se-OSI.
.
Okungenhla incazelo yoMthetho Wokusebenza we-VLAN olethwe kuwe ngabakwa-Shenzhen Haidiwei Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. I-Shenzhen Haidiwei Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. ingumkhiqizi osebenza ngokukhethekile emikhiqizweni yemishini yokuxhumana yokubona.