Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwethembeka kanye nempilo yesevisi yemigqa yokuxhumana ye-fiber optical, izici zokushisa kanye nezici zemishini zamafiber optical nazo ziyimingcele emibili ebaluleke kakhulu yokusebenza ngokomzimba.
1. Izici zokushisa ze-fiber optical
Ukulahlekelwa kwe-fiber optical kungachazwa yi-coefficient yokunciphisa i-fiber optical, futhi i-coefficient yokunciphisa i-fiber optical ihlobene ngokuqondile nendawo yokusebenza yesistimu yokuxhumana ye-fiber optical, okungukuthi, yanda ngethonya izinga lokushisa, ikakhulukazi endaweni yokushisa ephansi. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokwandisa i-coefficient yokunciphisa i-fiber optical ukulahlekelwa kwe-microbending kanye nokulahlekelwa ukugoba kwe-fiber optical.
Ukulahlekelwa yi-microbending ye-fiber ngenxa yoshintsho lokushisa kubangelwa ukwanda nokunciphisa ukushisa. Ku-physics kuyaziwa ukuthi i-thermal expansion coefficient ye-silicon dioxide (SiO2) eyenza i-optical fibre incane kakhulu, futhi ayinciphi lapho izinga lokushisa lehla. I-fiber optical kufanele ihlanganiswe futhi yengezwe nezinye izingxenye ngesikhathi senqubo yokwenza ikhebula. I-coefficient yokwandisa yezinto zokumboza nezinye izingxenye zikhulu. Lapho izinga lokushisa lincipha, ukuncipha kuba kubi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, lapho izinga lokushisa lishintsha, i-coefficient yokwandisa yezinto ihlukile. , Izokwenza ukuthi i-fiber optical igobe kancane, ikakhulukazi endaweni yokushisa ephansi.
Ijika eliphakathi kokulahlekelwa okwengeziwe kwefayibha nezinga lokushisa liboniswa esithombeni. Njengoba izinga lokushisa lincipha, ukulahlekelwa okwengeziwe kwefiber kuyanda kancane kancane. Lapho izinga lokushisa lehla lifinyelela ku-55 ° C, ukulahlekelwa okwengeziwe kukhula kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, lapho uklama uhlelo lokuxhumana lwe-fiber optical, kuyadingeka ukucabangela ukuhlolwa komjikelezo wokushisa okuphezulu nokuphansi kwekhebula le-optical ukuhlola ukuthi ukulahlekelwa kwe-fiber optical kuhlangabezana nezidingo zenkomba.
2. Izici zemishini ye-fiber optical
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-fiber optical ayiphuli ekusebenzeni okusebenzayo futhi inokwethenjelwa kwesikhathi eside uma isetshenziswa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, kuyadingeka ukuthi i-fiber optical kumele ibe namandla athile omshini.
Njengoba kwaziwa yibo bonke, izinto ezakha i-fiber optical yamanje i-SiO2, okumele idwetshwe ibe yi-125 μm filaments. Phakathi nenqubo yokudweba, amandla aqinile we-fiber optical cishe 10 ~ 20kg / mm². Amandla angafinyelela ku-400kg / mm². Izici zemishini esifuna ukuxoxa ngazo ikakhulukazi zibhekisela emandleni nempilo yomucu.
Amandla efiber optical lapha abhekisele emandleni aqinile. Lapho i-fiber ibhekene nokushuba okukhulu kunalokho engakwazi ukumelana nayo, i-fiber izophuka.
Ngokuqondene namandla okuphuka kwe-fiber optical, ihlobene nokushuba kwesendlalelo sokumboza. Lapho ukujiya kwe-coating kungu-5 ~ 10μm, amandla okuphuka angama-330kg / mm², futhi lapho ukujiya kokumboza kungu-100μm, kungafinyelela ku-530kg / mm².
Isizathu sokuphuka kwe-fiber kungenxa yesici sobuso be-preform ngokwayo ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwe-fiber optical. Lapho ukungezwani kutholwa, ukucindezeleka kugxile kusici. Lapho ukungezwani kudlula ibanga elithile, i-fiber iyaphuka.
Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi i-fiber optical ingaba nempilo yesevisi yeminyaka engaphezu kwe-20, i-fiber optical kufanele ifakwe ekuhlolweni kokuhlolwa kwamandla. Amafayibha okubona kuphela ahlangabezana nezidingo angasetshenziswa ukwenza amakhebula.
Izidingo zamandla efayibha emazweni angaphandle zikhonjisiwe kuthebula.
I-Optical fiber evumelekile ihlanganisa:
(1) ubunzima be-fiber optical ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwamakhebula;
(2) Ubunzima be-fiber optical okubangelwa izici ezithile lapho ubeka intambo yokubona;
(3) Ubunzima be-fiber optical okubangelwa ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kwendawo yokusebenza.
Ngokusho kwedatha yangaphandle, lapho ukuqina kwe-fiber optical kungu-0.5%, impilo yayo ingafinyelela eminyakeni engama-20 kuye kwengama-40.
