Namuhla, kumaphrojekthi wamanje wokuxhumana kwenethiwekhi, ama-transceivers optical,ama-transceivers e-fiber optical, futhi amamodemu okubona kungashiwo ukuthi asetshenziswa kabanzi futhi ahlonishwa kakhulu ngabasebenzi bezokuphepha. Ngakho-ke, ingabe uyawazi umehluko phakathi kwalezi zintathu Ezicacile?
Imodemu yokubona iwuhlobo lwesisetshenziswa esifana ne-baseband MODEM (imodemu yedijithali). Umehluko ku-baseband MODEM ukuthi ixhunywe kulayini we-fiber optical ozinikele, okuyisignali yokubona.
Isetshenziselwa ukuguqulwa kwesignali ye-photoelectric kanye ne-interface protocol kunethiwekhi yendawo ebanzi, nokufinyelelaumzilaiwukufinyelela kwenethiwekhi yendawo ebanzi. I-transceiver ye-photoelectric isebenzisa ukuguqulwa kwesignali ye-photoelectric kunethiwekhi yendawo yendawo, kodwa kuphela ukuguqulwa kwesignali, ngaphandle kokuguqulwa kwe-interface protocol.Ngokujwayelekile isetshenziselwa ibanga elide kunethiwekhi ye-campus futhi ayifanele imvelo lapho izintambo ezisontekile ziyasetshenziswa. Ukuze ucacise imodemu ye-optical, i-transceiver ye-photoelectric. Sidinga ukwethula indawo ezisetshenziswa kuyo.
Imodemu ye-Optical, owaziwa nangokuthi i-single-port optical transceiver, umkhiqizo oklanyelwe izindawo ezikhethekile zabasebenzisi. Isebenzisa ipheya yemicu yokubona ye-E1 eyodwa noma i-V. 35 eyodwa noma i-single 10BaseT isisetshenziswa setheminali sokudluliswa kwe-optical point-to-point. Njengempahla yokudlulisa i-relay yenethiwekhi yendawo, le mpahla ifanele imishini yokudlulisa i-fiber optical terminal yesiteshi sesisekelo kanye nemishini kalayini oqashisiwe. Kuma-multi-port optical transceiver, ngokuvamile abizwa ngokuthi “ama-optical transceivers”. Kuma-transceiver optical wembobo eyodwa, ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ohlangothini lomsebenzisi. Asebenza ngokufana ne-baseband MODEM evame ukusetshenziswa yolayini ozinikele we-WAN (wesifunda). "Optical modem" kanye "Optical Network Unit".
Ama-transceivers okubona ayimikhiqizo yokuxhumana kwedatha kuphela. Imikhiqizo yangempela ye-optical transceiver ihlukahlukene, iwusizo ekudlulisweni kwentambo kamabonakude, eminye ekudluliselweni kocingo, iwusizo ekulawuleni izimboni, futhi eminye ihlanganisa ngisho “nezwi, idatha, isithombe” nezinye izinsiza ukuze ufinyelele Eyodwa.
I-optical fibre transceiver ibona ukuguqulwa kwesignali phakathi kwe-fiber yemodi eyodwa kanye nemodi eminingi kanye nokupheya okusontekile ku-Ethernet. I-optical fibre transceiver iyiyunithi yokuguqula imidiya ye-Ethernet eshintshanisa amasiginali kagesi asontekile amabanga amafushane kanye namasignali okubona amabanga amade. Ama-transceivers optical ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ezindaweni zangempela zenethiwekhi lapho izintambo ze-Ethernet zingakwazi ukumbozwa futhi imicu ye-optical kumele isetshenziselwe ukunweba ibanga lokudlulisela; ngesikhathi esifanayo, basiza ukuxhuma imayela lokugcina lemigqa ye-fiber optical kumanethiwekhi endawo yedolobha elikhulu (okungobuchwepheshe be-Ethernet) nezinye izendlalelo zangaphandle. I-inthanethi nayo idlale indima enkulu.
Ngokusho kwejubane, i-transceiver ye-fiber optical ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-10M eyodwa, i-100M i-fiber transceiver optical,I-10/100M i-adaptive fibre optical transceiverkanye ne-1000M optical fiber transceiver. Ama-transceiver angu-10M kanye ne-100M asebenza kungqimba olubonakalayo, futhi imikhiqizo ye-transceiver esebenza kulesi sendlalelo idlulisela idatha kancane kancane. Le ndlela yokudlulisela phambili inezinzuzo zejubane lokudlulisa ngokushesha, izinga eliphezulu lokubonisa ngale, ukubambezeleka okuphansi, njll., ingcono ekusebenzisaneni nasekuzinzeni, futhi ifanele ukusetshenziswa kuzixhumanisi zesilinganiso esingaguquki.
I-10/100M i-optical fibre transceiver isebenza kungqimba yesixhumanisi sedatha. Kulesi sendlalelo, i-optical fibre transceiver isebenzisa indlela yesitolo-nokudlulisela phambili ukuze ifunde umthombo wayo wekheli le-MAC, ikheli le-MAC okuyiwa kulo, kanye nekheli le-MAC okuyiwa kulo kuphakethe ngalinye elitholiwe. Idatha, iphakethe ledatha lidluliselwa ngemuva kokuhlolwa komjikelezo we-CRC wokuphinda kuqedwe. Okokuqala, ingavimbela ozimele abathile abangalungile ukuthi bangasakazeki kunethiwekhi futhi isebenzise izinsiza zenethiwekhi ezibalulekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi ingavimbela ukulahleka kwephakethe ledatha ngenxa yokuminyana kwenethiwekhi.
Ngokusho kwesakhiwo, ingahlukaniswa nge-desktop yohlobo lwe-fiber transceiver kanye nohlobo lwe-rack optical fiber transceiver. I-transceiver yefiber optical yedeskithophu ifanele umsebenzisi oyedwa, njengokuhlangana nokuxhuma phezulu kweyodwashintshaephaseji. Ama-transceivers e-fiber optic afakwe kwi-rack afanele ukuhlanganisa abasebenzisi abaningi.
Ngokusho kwe-fiber, ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-multi-mode fiber transceiver kanye ne-single-mode fiber transceiver. Ngenxa yezintambo ezihlukahlukene ezisetshenziswayo, ibanga lokudlulisela le-transceiver lihlukile. Ibanga elijwayelekile lokudlulisa le-transceiver enamamodi amaningi liphakathi kwamakhilomitha angu-2 namakhilomitha angu-5, kuyilapho i-transceiver enemodi eyodwa ingamboza ibanga elisuka kumakhilomitha angu-20 kuya kumakhilomitha angu-120. Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ngenxa yomehluko ebangeni lokudlulisela, amandla okudlulisa, ukuthola ukuzwela kanye nobude begagasi be-fiber optic transceiver ngokwayo nayo izohluka. Amandla okudlulisa we-5km optical fiber transceiver ngokuvamile aphakathi -20 kuya ku-14db, futhi ukuzwela okutholayo kungu-30db, kusetshenziswa ubude be-wave 1310nm; kuyilapho amandla okudlulisa e-transceiver ye-fiber optical engu-120 km ngokuvamile ephakathi kuka- -5 kuya ku-0dB, futhi ukuzwela okutholayo kungu-－38dB, kusetshenziswa ubude beza beza obungu-1550nm.
Ngokuya ngenani lemicu ye-optical, ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-single-fiber optical transceiver futhii-dual-fiber optical transceiver. I-Single fiber iwukubona idatha eyamukelayo nokuyithumela nge-fiber optical. Lolu hlobo lomkhiqizo luthatha ubuchwepheshe be-wavelength division multiplexing, kanti ubude begagasi obusetshenziswayo ikakhulukazi bungu-1310nm no-1550nm. Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwe-wavelength division multiplexing, imikhiqizo ye-fiber transceiver eyodwa ngokuvamile inesici sokuncishiswa kwesignali enkulu. Njengamanje, iningi lama-transceiver e-fiber optic emakethe yimikhiqizo ye-dual-fiber, evuthiwe futhi ezinzile.
Yebo, okungenhla yisingeniso mayelana nomehluko phakathi kwe-transceiver optical, i-transceiver fiber optical kanye nemodemu ye-optical. Ngethemba ukuthi kungaba usizo kuwe!