I-Optical fibre zokuxhumana iyindlela eyinhloko yokudlulisa amanethiwekhi okuxhumana esimanje. Umlando wokuthuthuka kwayo uyiminyaka engamashumi amabili kuphela. Ihlangabezane nezizukulwane ezintathu: i-multi-wavelength multimode fiber, i-multi-wavelength multimode fiber kanye ne-long-wavelength single-mode fiber.Ukusetshenziswa kokuxhumana kwe-optical fiber kuwushintsho olukhulu emlandweni wezokuxhumana. Njengamanje, ukuxhumana kwe-fiber optical yaseChina sekungene esigabeni esisebenzayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazwe amaningi amemezele ukuthi ngeke esakwazi ukwakha izintambo zokuxhumana ngamakhebula futhi azibophezele ekuthuthukiseni ukuxhumana kwe-optical fiber.
Isingeniso ku-Optical Fiber Communication
Lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi i-optical fibre communication isebenzisa i-optical fiber ukudlulisa amaza okukhanya aphethe ulwazi ukuze kuzuzwe izinjongo zokuxhumana. Ukuze wenze igagasi elikhanyayo libe isithwali esithwala ulwazi, kufanele lishintshwe, futhi ulwazi lutholwa egagasi lokukhanya ekugcineni elitholayo.Njengobuchwepheshe, ukuxhumana kwe-fiber optical kunomlando weminyaka engu-30 kuya kwengu-40, kodwa yashintsha ngokuphelele ubuso bezokuxhumana emhlabeni, futhi intuthuko yayo yesikhathi esizayo ayinakulinganiswa.
Isimiso sokuxhumana nokudluliswa kwe-fiber optical
Umgomo wokuxhumana nge-fiber optical: ekugcineni kokudlulisa, ulwazi oludlulisiwe (njengezwi) luqala luguqulwe lube isignali kagesi, bese lulungiswa ku-laser beam ekhishwa yi-laser, ukuze ukuqina kokukhanya kushintshe amplitude (imvamisa) yesiginali kagesi, futhi Thumela ngefayibha. Ekupheleni kokwamukela, umtshina uthola isignali ye-optical bese uyiguqula ibe isignali kagesi, eyehliswayo ukuze ibuyisele ulwazi lwangempela.
Inzuzo
(1) Amandla okuxhumana makhulu futhi nebanga lokudlulisela lide.
(2) Ukulahleka kwefiber kuphansi kakhulu.
(3) Ukuphazamiseka okuncane kwesignali nokugcinwa kuyimfihlo okuhle.
(4) Ukuphazanyiswa kwe-Anti-electromagnetic, ikhwalithi enhle yokudlulisela.
(5) I-fiber incane ngosayizi futhi ilula ngesisindo, okulula ukuyibeka nokuyihambisa.
(6) Kunothe ngezinto ezisetshenziswayo kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, kuyasiza ekongeni ithusi lensimbi elinganayo insimbi.
(7) Ayikho imisebe, kunzima ukuyilalela.
(8) Ikhebuli inokuvumelana nezimo okuqinile nempilo ende.
Ububi
(1) Ukwakheka kwe-brittle futhi amandla emishini aphansi.
(2) Ukusika nokuhlanganisa imicu yokubona kudinga amathuluzi athile, izinto zokusebenza kanye namasu.
(3) Ukuhlukanisa nokuhlanganisa akuguquguquki.
(4) I-radius egobayo yentambo ye-fiber optic akufanele ibe mncane kakhulu (>20cm).
(5) Kunenkinga ngobunzima bokunikezwa kukagesi.
Isibikezelo sokuthuthuka sokuxhumana kwe-fiber optical
Namuhla, inani lokuthengisa lemishini yokuxhumana ye-fiber optical kanye nekhebula le-optical e-China liyakhula minyaka yonke. Ezindaweni eziningi zasemaphandleni ezifundazweni nasemadolobheni amaningi eShayina, ukwakhiwa kokuxhumana ngomakhalekhukhwini kusalokhu kungenalutho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinsizakalo ze-broadband kanye nesidingo sokunwetshwa kwenethiwekhi, ukuxhumana kwe-fiber optical esizayo Imakethe inkulu.