Ukuthuthukiswa kwemojula yokuxhumana engenantambo: inethiwekhi ye-5G, i-25G/100G imojula yokubona iyisitayela.
Ekuqaleni kuka-2000, amanethiwekhi e-2G kanye ne-2.5G ayesakhiwa. Uxhumano lwesiteshi sesisekelo lwaqala ukusika kusukela kukhebula lethusi kuya kukhebula le-optical. I-module ye-1.25G SFP optical isetshenziswe ekuqaleni, futhi i-module ye-2.5G SFP isetshenziswe kamuva.
Inethiwekhi ye-3G ka-2008-2009 yaqala ukwakhiwa, futhi isidingo samamojula we-base station optical weqela ku-6G.
Ku-2011, umhlaba wangena ekwakhiweni kwenethiwekhi ye-4G, futhi owandulelayo wasebenzisa ikakhulukazi amamojula we-10G optical.
Ngemuva kwe-2017, kancane kancane iguqukela kunethiwekhi ye-5G, igxuma ku-25G / 100G module optical. Inethiwekhi ye-4.5G (i-ZTE ebizwa nge-Pre5G) isebenzisa imojula yokubona efanayo ne-5G.
Ukuqhathaniswa kwezakhiwo zenethiwekhi ye-5G kanye nezakhiwo zenethiwekhi ye-4G: Esikhathini se-5G, ukwanda kokudlula okuphakathi kulindeleke ukuthi kwandise isidingo samamojula optical.
Inethiwekhi ye-4G isuka ku-RRU iya ku-BBU kuya egumbini lekhompyutha eliwumongo. Esikhathini senethiwekhi ye-5G, umsebenzi we-BBU ungase uhlukaniswe futhi uhlukaniswe ube yi-DU ne-CU.I-RRU yasekuqaleni ku-BBU ingeye-prequel, i-BBU yegumbi lekhompiyutha eliyinhloko ingeyokubuyisela, futhi i-5G yengeza iphasi eliphakathi.
Indlela yokuhlukanisa i-BBU inomthelela omkhulu kumojula ye-optical. I-3G ingumkhiqizi wemishini yasekhaya enezikhala ezithile emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe, inkathi ye-4G kanye ne-Qiping yangaphandle, inkathi ye-5G yaqala ukuhola.Muva nje, i-Verizon ne-AT & T bamemezele ukuthi bazoqala ukuhweba i-5G eminyakeni engu-19, unyaka owodwa ngaphambi kweChina. Ngaphambi kwalokho, imboni yayikholelwa ukuthi abahlinzeki abakhulu kuzoba ngabakwaNokia Ericsson, futhi ekugcineni uVerizon wakhetha i-Samsung. Ukuhlelwa okuphelele kokwakhiwa kwe-5G yasekhaya kunamandla, futhi kungcono ukubikezela okunye. Namuhla, igxile kakhulu emakethe yaseShayina.
Imojula yokudlulisela phambili ye-5G: Izindleko ze-100G ziphezulu, okwamanje i-25G iyona ehamba phambili
I-25G eyandulelayo ne-100G izohlala ndawonye. Ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-BBU ne-RRU enkathini ye-4G yi-CPRI. Ukuze ubhekane nemfuneko yomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu we-5G, i-3GPP iphakamisa isixhumi esibonakalayo esisha esijwayelekile se-eCPRI. Uma isixhumi esibonakalayo se-eCPRI samukelwe, imfuneko yomkhawulokudonsa yesixhumi esibonakalayo esendlalelo izocindezelwa ku-25G, ngaleyo ndlela yehlise ukukhanya. Izindleko zokudlulisela.
Yebo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-25G kuzoletha izinkinga eziningi. Eminye imisebenzi ye-BBU idinga ukunyuselwa ku-AAU ukuze yenze amasampula esignali kanye nokuminyanisa, ukuze i-AAU ibe nzima futhi ibe mkhulu. I-AAU ilengiswe embhoshongweni, onezindleko eziphezulu zokuwulungisa kanye nobungozi bekhwalithi engcono. Abathengisi abakhulu, abathengisi bemishini bebesebenza ukunciphisa i-AAU kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla, ngakho-ke iphinde icubungule isisombululo se-100G, ukunciphisa umthwalo we-AAU. Uma intengo yamamojula we-100G optical ingancishiswa ngokuphumelelayo, abathengisi bemishini basazokhetha izixazululo ze-100G.
Ukudluliswa kwe-5G: umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinketho zemojula ye-optical kanye nezidingo zobuningi
Ama-opharetha ahlukene anezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuxhumana. Ngaphansi kokuxhumana okuhlukile, ukukhethwa kanye nenani lamamojula optical kuzohluka kakhulu. Amakhasimende akhulise isidingo se-50G, futhi sizosabela ngenkuthalo kuzidingo zamakhasimende.
Ukubuya kwe-5G: imojuli ye-optical ehambisanayo
I-backhaul izosebenzisa imojuli ye-optical ehambisanayo enomkhawulokudonsa obonakalayo ongaphezu kuka-100G. Kulindeleke ukuthi ukuhambisana kwe-200G kuzobala i-2/3 futhi ukuhambisana kwe-400G kuzoba ne-1/3. Kusukela ekudluleni kwangaphambili kuya kuphase eliphakathi kuya kudlule emuva, ukuhlangana kwezinga, ukubuyiselwa kokusetshenziswa kwemojula ye-optical kuncane, kodwa intengo yeyunithi iphakeme, ukusuka enanini lemali nokulingana.
Ukuvela kwephethini yokuncintisana kwezimboni: iminyaka emithathu ezayo inkathi yokuncintisana okukhulayo
Ukuthunyelwa okukhulu kwamamojula we-4G optical kuzohlala isikhathi eside, kodwa intengo yeyunithi iphansi kakhulu. Le makethe ithuthukiswe iminyaka eminingana, futhi indawo yemakethe iyonke ayinkulu kakhulu.
Abahlinzeki bemojula ye-4G optical module yomhlaba ikakhulukazi bangabakhiqizi basekhaya. UNokia no-Ericsson baphinde bathenge ikakhulukazi abakhiqizi basekhaya. Lapho amamojula we-4G optical eqala ukuncintisana, abakhiqizi abaningana bangaphandle babamba iqhaza, njenge-Finisar ne-Oclaro, futhi bancintisane unyaka wesithathu. Ngokuyisisekelo, isihoxile, kusale abakhiqizi baseShayina kuphela, abanjengoHisense, uGuangxun, noHuagong Zhengyuan (Umthakathi naye unazo).
I-5G base station optical module, kukhona okwamanje cishe amasampula angu-5 noma angu-6 amasampula ekhasimende. Kulindeleke ukuthi kube nezinkampani eziningi ezizobamba iqhaza kuwo. Ngo-2018, ukuhlolwa kwesampula kuzofinyelela cishe ku-10, kodwa ikhasimende alinazo izinsiza ezanele zokukala eziningi kangaka. Umkhiqizo ngamunye uhlolwa ngokwethiyori kwabahlanu, futhi abathathu kubo baye badlula ubungozi bokulethwa. Inombolo enkulu yezitifiketi kuya kweziyisihlanu igcwele kakhulu, ngakho-ke i-10 ngo-2018 kulindeleke ukuthi isuse i-5 esele, futhi lezi zi-5 zenziwa ngo-2019. Umjaho wokuqala, ikhwalithi, ukulethwa kanye nokulawulwa kwezindleko, kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngemva kuka-2019, kukhona kuzoba ngabahlinzeki abakhulu abangu-3 abasele, i-2018-2019 izoba yisiteji esiqine kakhulu sokuhlolwa kwemakethe ye-5G optical module, futhi iphethini yemakethe izozinza ngemva kuka-2019.