Ukuphendula izinkinga zomkhiqizo amakhasimende ethu ahlangabezane nazo, onjiniyela benkampani yethu be-R&D bazokhiqiza ngesikhathi esifanele izinkinga nge-XPON.I-ONU/GPONI-ONUimikhiqizo ngokwezidingo zekhasimende, futhi uma kunesidingo, izophinda ikhiqize indawo esetshenziswa yikhasimende futhi yenze ukuhlolwa kwe-hang elabhorethri yethu ye-R&D. Ioltimishini yenkampani yethu izophinde isetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, futhi ukuthuthukiswa komsebenzi wesofthiwe kanye nokuphathwa kweziphazamisi kuzokwenziwa kuyo.
Sizorekhoda imikhiqizo ngaphansi kokuhlolwa, njenge-XPONI-ONU/GPONI-ONU, ukwakha ugodo lokukhweza. Kulogi yentaba, amandla okubona ohlakaniphileI-ONUnoma isixhumanisi sefiber optical sizorekhodwa. Lapho sihlola inguqulo entsha yomshayeli ngaphansi kwe-GPONOLTkanye ne-EPONOLT: I-SFU PPPOE yokudayela okungamakiwe ngaphansi kwe-GPON ngalesi sikhathi idinga kuphela ukubhalisa nokumisa isevisi, ngaphandle komyalo we-ont port vlan 1 18 eth 1 transparent.
Kusukela ekukhulumisaneni kwakho okuhlakaniphile kwe-8-portI-ONUoptical cat module umenzi
2. MayelanaOLTUkugcinwa Kwezisetshenziswa
Lapho i-OLTidivayisi ihlanganisa ukucushwa kwesevisi ye-SFU, umaI-ONUuhlobo yi-SFU, kanye neI-ONUImbobo ye-LAN ithola ikheli le-IP elinikezwe isango lesendlalelo esiphezulu, udinga ukungeza ukucushwa kwe-VLAN kwembobo ehambisanayo ZXAN (config) # pon-onu-ng gpon-onu_ 1/2/1:6。 ZXAN(gpon-onu) -mng 1/2/1:6)#vlan port eth_ 0/1 ithegi yemodi vlan 100
Ukuze uthole ukulungiselelwa kwesevisi ye-CATV, bheka kuI-ONUukwesekwa ukulawula i-CATVshintshaKUVULIWE/KUVALWE nge-OMCI (ME82)
ZXAN(config)#pon-onu-mng gpon-onu_ 1/2/1:6
ZXAN(gpon-onu-mng 1/2/1:6)#interface ividiyo yevidiyo_ 0/1 ukukhiya kwesimo
ZXAN(gpon-onu-mng 1/2/1:6)#interface video video_ 0/1 state unlock
Kusuka egumbini lakho lezokuxhumanaOLTumenzi wemishini!
3. XPONI-ONUisingeniso sobuchwepheshe benethiwekhi obuhlobene
XPONI-ONUubuchwepheshe obusathuthuka, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwabo eShayina kuyakhula kancane kancane. I-China Telecom yakhe indinganiso. Enqubweni yokuthuthukiswa kancane kancane kwezinga, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okufanayo kanye nokuma kwe-DSL ne-XPONI-ONU, isipiliyoni sokuphatha esivuthiwe kanye nobuchwepheshe emkhakheni we-DSL kusetshenziswe ngokukhetha ukuze kusetshenziswe ireferensi. I-TR101 imele inkambiso yentuthuko elandelayo kanye nezidingo zobuchwepheshe/zokuphatha emkhakheni we-DSL, kanye ne-CTC XPONI-ONUuzofunda okuningi noma okuncane kuyo
Ungathutha kanjani usuka kunethiwekhi ye-DSL esekwe ku-ATM (TR059) uye kunethiwekhi ye-DSL esekwe ku-Ethernet
Nikeza umkhawulokudonsa ophezulu kanye nezinsizakalo ze-IP ezicebile (Ividiyo, i-VOIP, Amageyimu, i-L2VPN/IPVPN, njll)
I-IP QOS engcono
Kubandakanya izidingo zobuchwepheshe nezokuphatha zemisebenzi ewumongo efana ne-VLAN, i-QOS, i-Multicast, njll
4. 10G GPONI-ONUIsisekelo Sobuchwepheshe
Ukuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile kwe-10G GPONI-ONU:
(1) I-FSAN ihlukanisa i-PON yesizukulwane esilandelayo ngezigaba ezimbili: I-NGA1 isekelwe ku-TDMA PON ukwenza isivinini esiphezulu. Ijubane layo lichazwa ngokuthi ngu-10Gbps. I-NGA2 yingxoxo yokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe okungenzeka kanye nezinye izinjongo ezingacacile ze-NG-PON1. Isibonelo, i-WDM PON, i-OFDM, njll. I-NG-PON ingasetshenziswa kahle ku-FTTx, njengabasebenzisi bebhizinisi, abasebenzisi ngabanye kanye ne-backhaul yeselula.
(2)ITU NGA1 XGPON1： 10G GPON Asymmetric：Kushicilelwe G.987.1&G.987.2; G.987.3&G. 988 yashicilelwa ngoJuni 2010.ITU NGA1 XGPON2: 10G GPON Symmetric：Ingxoxo iqala ngo-2010.Q1. Okunye okungenzeka ukuthi ukweqa i-symmetric 10G GPON kanye nokuthuthela ngqo ku-NGA2.
5. Ukwakhiwa kweOLTimvelo yesiteshi sokubhala ikhodi
Siyi-OLTumkhiqizi wemishini, kanye nokwakhiwa kwemvelo kwesiteshi sokubhala ikhodi kuzobandakanyeka egumbini lethu lezokuxhumana.
Mayelana nokwakhiwa kwemvelo kwesoftware ye-Tftpd32:
1. Faka ikhebula le-serial ku-OLTumkhiqizo. Njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi: isixhumanisi esiphezulu yikhebula le-port ye-serial, futhi isixhumanisi esingezansi yikhebula lenethiwekhi.
2. Vula ikhompuyutha bese ukhetha “isofthiwe ye-Tftpd32″.
3. Khetha ifolda yendawo lapho i-Tftpd32 ifakwe khona.
OLT ikhodi yedivayisi bhala-v8 ukwakhiwa kwemvelo kwesoftware
1. KhethaOLTwrite-v8 software, chofoza kwesokudla ukuze uvule indawo yefayela layo.
2. Vuselela ifayela lokuthuthukisa elihambisanayo ngokusho kwe-OLTizidingo zomkhiqizo.
OLTikhodi yedivayisi bhala-v8 ukwakhiwa kwemvelo kwesoftware
1. Uma ikhodi ibhalwe ngempumelelo, isixhumi esibonakalayo sekhompyutha sizobonisa “PASS” eluhlaza.
2. Ngemuva kokuthi ikhodi ibhalwe ngempumelelo, namathisela iphepha lelebula le-Mac elihambisanayo ohlangothini olungemuva kwesokunxele lwe-OLTumkhiqizo.
6. Ukuxhumanawena/Optical fiberwenaukuhlaziywa kokuqala
Mayelana nokuthi iyini i-uboot: i-uboot empeleni iwuhlelo olujwayelekile lokuqalisa - i-bootloader. Qalisa, qedela ukuqaliswa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, qala isilayishi sengxenyekazi yehadiwe, qalisa ihadiwe, futhi ulayishe isistimu yokusebenza. Sekela i-hardware ehlukahlukene, njenge-ARM, i-MIPS, i-X86, i-AVR32, i-RISC-V architecture, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene, njenge-WinCE, i-Linux kernel, isistimu yokusebenza ye-Android Indima ye-uboot ukuqalisa i-CPU esigabeni sokuqala, bhala ulimi lomhlangano, qalisa inqolobane, i-MMU, iwashi, i-watchdog, i-DDR3, i-EMMC, qalisa esigabeni sesibili, futhi uqalise ezingeni lebhodi. Ngokuvamile, kubhalwa ngolimi C, qalisa imbobo ye-serial, ikhadi lenethiwekhi, i-usb, i-lcd, futhi inikeze amathuluzi amaningi. Faka umugqa womyalo we-uboot, sebenzisa umyalo we-uboot, bese ulayisha isistimu yokusebenza.
Mayelana ne-Linux kernel:
Iqhaza le-kernel: ukuphathwa kwenqubo kanye nokuxhumana kwenqubo: ukudalwa kwenqubo nokususwa, ukulungiswa okubalulekile phakathi kwezinqubo, ukuhlela ukuzungezisa ucezu lwesikhathi lwezinqubo, nokuxhumana phakathi kwezinqubo. Ukuphathwa kwememori: i-algorithm yokwabiwa kwememori. Isikhala senkumbulo senqubo ngayinye sinikezwa i-Linux. Amasistimu wamafayela asekelwayo angagxila kuzishayeli ze-Linux: amadivayisi wezinhlamvu, amadivayisi wokuvimba, amadivayisi enethiwekhi, iziphazamiso, namawashi e-kernel ngokusebenzisa i-cat/proc/filesystems, 4) ukuphathwa kwedivayisi. Iphrothokholi yenethiwekhi: TCP/IP. Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-Linux kernel:https://www.kernel.org/
Okwamanje, ukuxhumana kwethuwena/Optical fiberwenasingene ekuqaphelweni kwethu kwezokuphepha, ukufakwa kwenethiwekhi yamahhotela kanye nenethiwekhi yekhampasi. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngolwazi lwangaphakathi lomkhiqizo, sicela ufunde eminye imibhalo efanele!
7. I-ONUIsisekelo Somkhiqizo CLI
Mayelana nabahlakaniphile bethuI-ONUimodeli yomkhiqizo:
1, isethi ye-flash DEFAULT_ DEVICE_ NAME HUR2102XR//Igama-Igama ekhasini lewebhu
2, isethi ye-flash GPON_ ONU_ Imodeli ebikwe kuyoOLTkumodi ye-MODE HUR2102XR//GPON
3, isethi ye-flash GPON_ ONU_ MODEL HUR2102XR//Amamodeli abikwe kuOLTkumodi ye-GPON
4, isethi ye-flash GPON_ ONU_ MODEL HUR2102XR//Amamodeli abikwe kuOLTkumodi ye-GPON
Imikhiqizo eyinhloko yenkampani yethuoltwena/acwena/gponwena/xponwena/catvwenayonke imikhiqizo eshisayo yenkampani, engasebenzisana nokuqapha ezokuphepha, ukusabalala kwenethiwekhi yamahhotela kanye nokufakwa kwenethiwekhi yekhampasi. Uma unentshisekelo, ungaxhumana nathi ekhasini lethu eliyisiqalo. Sineqembu lochwepheshe le-R&D, iqembu lokuthengisa ngaphambilini kanye neqembu langemva kokuthengisa. Indawo yokukhiqiza ejwayelekile. Kuzoba khona ibhizinisi eliphakeme elizokwethula ulwazi lomkhiqizo wenkampani yethu kanye nemisebenzi ehambisanayo yemodeli kuwe ngaphambi kokuthengisa, futhi ithimba lesevisi elichwepheshile lizokuphelezela ngemva kokuthengisa. Siyakwamukela!
8. Incazelo ye-sfp optical fiber module
Incazelo yemojula ye-optical: Imojula ye-optical yakhiwe ngamadivaysi e-optoelectronic, ama-circuits asebenzayo kanye ne-optical interfaces. Imishini ye-optoelectronic ihlanganisa izingxenye ezimbili: ukudlulisa nokwamukela. Ngamafuphi, umsebenzi we-optical module ukuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric. Isiphetho sokudlulisa siguqula isignali kagesi ibe isignali yokubona. Ngemva kokudlulisela nge-fiber optical, ukuphela kokwamukela kuguqula isignali ye-optical ibe isignali kagesi.
Uhlobo lwemojuli ye-optical:
1, Ngephakheji: 1X9, GBIC, SFF, SFP, XFP, SFP+, X2, XENPAK, 300pin
2, Ukuhlelwa ngokusebenza kukagesi: ipulaki elishisayo (umunwe wegolide) (5g optical module/1.25g module optical/10g module optical), isitayela sokushisela iphini (1 × 9/2 × 9/SFF)
Ngokuvamile, isignali ingaphezu kwe-2.5G, futhi kukhona ukulahlekelwa okuthile kwesignali lapho kusetshenziswa indlela ye-pin welding. Uma idlula i-10G, kufanele usebenzise umunwe wegolide. Ngakho-ke, i-interface yamanje yemojuli ephezulu yokugcina yonke isesimweni seminwe yegolide. Nokho, inzuzo ye-row pin welding ukuthi iqina kunomunwe wegolide. Kwezinye izimo ezikhethekile, i-rowu pin welding interface idinga ukusetshenziswa.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe nge-gigabit single-mode sfp optical module noma ezinye izinhlobo zemikhiqizo yamamojula, sicela usithinte ekhasini eliyisiqalo!
9. I-SFP Communication Optical Module Structure
Nakuba iphakheji, isivinini kanye nebanga lokudlulisela lezinhlobo ezahlukene zamamojula optical zihlukile, ukwakheka kwazo kwangaphakathi kuyafana ngokuyisisekelo. I-SFP transceiver optical module kancane kancane isiphenduke inkomba yohlelo lokusebenza ngenxa ye-miniaturization yayo, ukuxhuma okushisayo okulula, ukusekelwa kwezinga le-SFF8472, ukufundwa kwe-analog okulula, nokunemba kokutholwa okuphezulu (ngaphakathi+/- 2dBm). Okulandelayo isibonelo semojula ye-SFP optical ukwethula ukwakheka kwayo kwangaphakathi kanye nezimiso zokusebenza ezihlobene:
Ukwakheka okuyisisekelo kwemojuli ye-optical kufaka izingxenye ezilandelayo:
1. Idivayisi yokubona: idivayisi ekhanyayo iyithuluzi elihlanganisiwe elihlanganisiwe elakhiwe izingxenye ezimbalwa ze-optoelectronic kanye ne-IC, izakhi zokwenziwa (njengokumelana, amandla, inductance, inductance mutual, microlens, isolator), i-fiber optical kanye nezintambo zensimbi, ezihlanganisiwe futhi kuhlanganiswe ndawonye ukuze kuqedelwe imisebenzi eyodwa noma eminingana.
2. Ibhodi lesekethe elihlanganisiwe (PCBA): Yonke inqubo ye-PCB engenalutho ebhodini ekhwezwayo nge-SMT (ukufakwa kwe-chip) noma nge-DIP plug-in, ebizwa ngokuthi i-PCBA. Isekhethi ye-Optical transmitting/optical receive circuit, chip (control chip, storage chip), amplifier (limiting amplifier), recovery data clock (CDR), umunwe wegolide
3. Igobolondo: izesekeli zangaphandle zifaka igobolondo (ikhava yensimbi engenhla), ingxenye yokuvula, ibhande, isisekelo (i-zinc alloy die-casting), iringi yokudonsa, ipulaki yerabha, nombala wendandatho yokudonsa ingahlonza uhlobo lwepharamitha yemojula.
10. Ukuhlaziywa kobunzima benqubo ye-SMT (SMT) ye-optical module PCB 'A
Ivolumu yemojuli ye-optical ngokwayo incane kakhulu, futhi ukuminyana kwengxenye ku-PCB yayo ehambisanayo 'A kukhulu futhi usayizi mncane. Ngokuvamile, izingxenye ze-chip zipakishwa kakhulu kuphakheji engu-0402, futhi iphakheji ye-0201 nayo ithuthukiswa kancane kancane. Ukwengeza, ngenxa yokuthi imojula ye-optical idinga ukuxhunywa nesiteshi sesisekelo sesistimu nge-Golden Finger, inkinga "yokungcola" ye-Golden Finger ohlelweni lwe-SMT nayo iba enye yezinkinga zenqubo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lokuhlanganisa, amanye amamojula optical PCBA adinga ukusebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokusungula inqubo:
➢ Ngesixhumi sembobo (THC: Through Hole Component) isebenzisa inqubo entsha yokugeleza kwembobo (THR: Through Hole Reflow);
➢ Ibhodi lesekethe eliphrintekayo (FPC) kanye nebhodi lesekethe eliphrintiwe kanzima (PCB) ashiselwe ngenhlanganisela yamabhodi athambile naqinile (FoB: FPC on Board);
➢ Inqubo yokushisela ye-3D entsha ye-3D ye-3D entsha phakathi kokumelana ne-chip namandla (CoC: Chip on Chip).
Siyakwamukela ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nolwazi lomkhiqizo wokuxhumana optical module, pluggable optical module, 10MW optical module, optical communication module, network optical module kanye nokuxhumana optical module kuwebhusayithi yenkampani yethu. Njengamanje, imikhiqizo ye-optical module ingasetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni kwedatha, izinto ezisetshenziswayo zegumbi lekhompiyutha, ukuqapha ukuphepha kanye nokulawulwa kwezimboni.
11. Ithrendi Yokuthuthukisa Amamojula Okukhanya
1. I-Miniaturization
Njengamanje, ukuncintisana emakethe yezokuxhumana okubonakalayo kuya ngokuya kushuba, umthamo wemishini yokuxhumana uba mncane futhi ube mncane, futhi ukuminyana kwesixhumi esibonakalayo okuqukethwe ebhodini lesixhumi esibonakalayo kuya ngokuya kukhuphuka. Imojuli yendabuko ye-optical ehlukaniswe ne-laser nomtshina kube nzima ukuzivumelanisa nezidingo zemishini yesimanje yokuxhumana. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zemishini yokuxhumana yamadivaysi optical, amamojula optical athuthukile abheke kumaphakheji amancane ahlanganiswe kakhulu. Amamojula ahlanganiswe kakhulu e-optoelectronic anika abasebenzisi amandla okucubungula amasignali e-analog optoelectronic esivinini esikhulu, bafinyeze i-R&D nomjikelezo wokukhiqiza, banciphise izinhlobo zezingxenye ezithengiwe, futhi behlise izindleko zokukhiqiza. Ngakho-ke, baya ngokuya bethandwa ngabakhiqizi bemishini.
2. Izindleko eziphansi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi
Umthamo wemishini yezokuxhumana uya ngokuya uba mncane futhi ube mncane, futhi ukuminyana kwesixhumi esibonakalayo equkethwe ebhodini lesixhumi esibonakalayo liya ngokuya likhuphuka, okudinga ukuthi amadivaysi e-optoelectronic athuthuke ekuqondeni kwezindleko eziphansi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi. Njengamanje, amadivaysi okubona ngokuvamile asebenzisa inqubo yokuhlanganisa eyingxube kanye nenqubo yokupakisha eqinile. Intuthuko elandelayo kuzoba amaphakheji angangeni emoyeni, okudinga ukuncika ekuhlanganiseni kwe-passive optical (ukulungiswa kwesiqondisindlela okungesona se-XYZ) nobunye ubuchwepheshe ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lokuzenzakalela nokunciphisa izindleko.
3. Izinga eliphezulu
Abantu bafuna ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nezinga lokudluliswa kolwazi ngokushesha. Njengensika eyinhloko yokushintshisana kolwazi lwesimanje, ukucutshungulwa kanye nokudluliswa, inethiwekhi yokuxhumana ye-optical ibilokhu ithuthukela ku-ultra-high frequency, i-ultra-high speed kanye nomthamo omkhulu kakhulu. Uma izinga lokudlulisela liphezulu namandla, izindleko zokudlulisa ulwazi ngalunye ziyancipha.
4. Ibanga elide
Inethiwekhi yanamuhla yokubona iqhele kakhulu, edinga ama-transceivers akude ukuze afane nayo. Isignali evamile ye-transceiver ekude ingadlulisela okungenani amakhilomitha ayi-100 ngaphandle kokukhulisa. Inhloso yayo eyinhloko ukusindisa i-amplifier optical ebizayo futhi unciphise izindleko zokuxhumana optical. Ngokusekelwe ekucatshangelweni kwebanga lokudlulisela, ama-transceiver amaningi akude akhetha ibhande le-1550 (ububanzi be-wavelength cishe 1530 kuya ku-1565 nm) njengebhendi yokusebenza, ngoba ukulahlekelwa kokudluliswa kwamagagasi okukhanya kuncane kulolu hlu, futhi ama-amplifiers optical atholakalayo wonke ayasebenza. kuleli qembu.
5. Ukushintshashintsha okushisayo
Okusho ukuthi, imojula ingaxhunywa noma inqanyulwe kudivayisi ngaphandle kokunqamula ukunikezwa kwamandla. Ngenxa yokuthi i-module ye-optical iyashintshashintsha, umphathi wenethiwekhi angathuthukisa futhi andise uhlelo ngaphandle kokuvala inethiwekhi, okungeke kube nomthelela kubasebenzisi be-intanethi. I-hot plugging futhi yenza umsebenzi wokulungisa ube lula futhi yenze abasebenzisi bokugcina bakwazi ukuphatha kangcono amamojula abo e-transceiver. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yalokhu kusebenza kokushintshaniswa okushisayo, le moduli yenza abaphathi benethiwekhi benze ukuhlela okuphelele kwezindleko ze-transceiver, ibanga lokuxhumanisa kanye nawo wonke ama-topology enethiwekhi ngokuvumelana nezidingo zokuthuthukiswa kwenethiwekhi, ngaphandle kokufaka wonke amabhodi wesistimu.
12. Imiqondo Eyisisekelo Yokushintsha
I-LAN yendabuko isebenzisa i-HUB, enebhasi elilodwa kuphela, futhi ibhasi elilodwa liyisizinda sokungqubuzana. Ngakho i-LAN yendabuko iyinethiwekhi eyisicaba, futhi i-LAN ingeyesizinda sokungqubuzana esifanayo. Imilayezo ethunyelwe yinoma yimuphi umsingathi izotholwa yiyo yonke eminye imishini kusizinda sokungqubuzana esifanayo. Kamuva, ibhuloho lenethiwekhi (ungqimba 2shintsha) isetshenziselwe ukumiselela ihabhu (HUB) kunethiwekhi. Ichweba ngalinye lingathathwa njengebhasi elihlukile, futhi indawo yokungqubuzana incishiselwa embobeni ngayinye, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwenethiwekhi ukuthumela imilayezo ye-unicast futhi kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi yesendlalelo sesi-2. Uma umsingathi ethumela umlayezo wokusakaza, idivayisi isengathola umlayezo osakazwayo. Ngokuvamile sibiza ububanzi bokudluliswa kwemiyalezo esakazwayo njengesizinda sokusakaza. Uma ibhuloho lenethiwekhi lidlulisela umlayezo wokusakaza, lisadinga ukwenza amakhophi amaningi omlayezo osakazwayo futhi liwuthumele kuwo wonke amakhona enethiwekhi. Ngokunwetshwa kwesikali senethiwekhi, kuba nemiyalezo eminingi esakazwayo kunethiwekhi, futhi imilayezo esakazwayo ithatha izinsiza zenethiwekhi, okuthinta kabi ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi. Lena inkinga ebizwa ngesivunguvungu sokusakaza.
Ngenxa yomkhawulo wesimiso sokusebenza senethiwekhi yezintambo ezimbili zebhuloho, ibhuloho alikwazi ukwenza lutho mayelana nesiphepho sokusakaza. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwenethiwekhi, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa inethiwekhi: ukuhlukanisa isizinda esikhulu sokusakaza sibe izizinda ezimbalwa zokusakaza ezincane.
Esikhathini esedlule, i-LAN yayivame ukuhlukaniswa ngamarutha. Iumzilaemfanekisweni uthatha indawo ye-node ephakathishintshaesibalweni sangaphambilini, esinciphisa kakhulu ububanzi bokudlulisela imiyalezo esakazwayo. Lesi sixazululo sixazulula inkinga yesiphepho sokusakaza, kodwa iumzilaisetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa inethiwekhi ngamasegimenti esendlalelo senethiwekhi. Ukuhlelwa kwenethiwekhi kuyinkimbinkimbi, indlela yokuxhumana ayiguquki, futhi yandisa kakhulu ubunzima bokuphatha nokugcinwa. Njengenye indlela yokuhlukanisa i-LAN, i-virtual LAN yethulwe kuzixazululo zenethiwekhi ukuze kuxazululwe izinkinga ezibhekene nezindawo ezinkulu zenethiwekhi ezinezingqimba ezimbili.
I-Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) ihlukanisa ngokunengqondo izinsiza zenethiwekhi nabasebenzisi benethiwekhi ngokuya ngezimiso ezithile, futhi ihlukanise inethiwekhi yangempela yangempela ibe amanethiwekhi amaningi amancane anengqondo. Lawa manethiwekhi amancane anengqondo akha izizinda zawo zokusakaza, okungukuthi, ama-LAN VLAN abonakalayo. Emfanekisweni, indawo emaphakathishintshaiyasetshenziswa, kodwa kwesokunxele nesokudla kungokwama-VLAN ahlukene, akha izizinda zawo zokusakaza. Imilayezo yokusakaza ayikwazi ukudluliselwa kuzo zonke izizinda zokusakaza.
I-Virtual LAN ngokunengqondo ihlukanisa iqembu labasebenzisi kumasegimenti enethiwekhi ehlukene abe yi-LAN, ecishe ifane ne-LAN evamile ekusebenzeni nasekusebenzeni, futhi ingahlinzeka ngoxhumano lwezinhlelo zetheminali phakathi kwebanga elithile.
13. EPONI-ONU/GPONI-ONUUmehluko, Ephreli 6, 2022
Amazinga ahlukene (isistimu ye-PON)
I-EPON: IEEE 802.3ah. Leli zinga lihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-Ethernet ne-PON. Ubuchwepheshe be-PON busetshenziswa kusendlalelo esibonakalayo bese iphrothokholi ye-Ethernet isetshenziswa kusendlalelo sesixhumanisi sedatha ukuze kuzuzwe ukufinyelela kwenethiwekhi ye-PON
I-GPON: I-ITU-TG.984 yochungechunge olujwayelekile, olusekelwe kusendlalelo se-transmission convergence (TC), ingaqedela ukulungiswa kwezinsizakalo ezisezingeni eliphezulu zokuhlukahluka
Amanani ahlukene
I-EPON ihlinzeka nge-uplink engaguquki kanye ne-downlink engu-1.25Gbps; I-EPON isekela isilinganiso esiphezulu se-shunt esingu-1:64;
I-GPON isekela i-uplink ne-downlink asymmetric rate, ne-downlink 2.5Gbps noma i-1.25G ne-uplink 1.25Gbps;
I-GPON isekela ubuningi obungu-1:128 (inani lethiyori);
Isicelo nokuthuthukiswa
I-EPON: izindleko eziphansi kanye nokugcinwa okulula, okuwukukhethwa kwabasebenzisi abaningi ekuqaleni
I-GPON: Izindinganiso eziphelele, ukusekelwa okuhle kwenkonzo edidiyelwe kanye nezidingo eziphakeme zobuchwepheshe kuwumkhuba wenethiwekhi yokufinyelela optical
Uhlelo olujwayelekile lwe-GPON "luvulekile" ngempela, oluxoxwa ngokuhlanganyela futhi luthuthukiswe izinhlangano ezine zezindinganiso ezinkulu (ITU-T SG15 Q2, FSAN, Broadband Forum, ATIS NIPP);
Izinga le-EPON laqalwa yi-IEEE futhi lathuthukiswa opharetha emazweni ahlukahlukene, “okuvaliwe” uma kuqhathaniswa.
14. Isingeniso Esiyisisekelo Semisebenzi Yesofthiwe yeI-ONUImikhiqizo
I-ONUIzitayela ze-software interface zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili:
(1)Ngena ekhasini lewebhu
(2)Ukusetha ikhasi lewebhu
I-ONU-Inkinobho:
Ukhiye: I-RST, i-WPS, i-WIFI
Indawo: ohlangothini noma ngaphambili (i-hardware design)
Umsebenzi: Setha kabusha ukuze ubuyisele izilungiselelo zasembonini, cindezela bese ubamba u-5-10S, bese uyakhulula
I-WIFI vumela, vula noma vala umsebenzi we-WIFI
Izilungiselelo zokuvikela i-WPS WIFI: cindezela ukhiye we-WPS, futhi inkomba ye-WPS izokhanya. Ngalesi sikhathi, iklayenti le-WIFI lingasebenzisa uxhumano lwe-WPS ukuze liqedele uxhumano lwenethiwekhi engenantambo ngokuvamile ngaphandle kokufaka iphasiwedi ye-SSID.
Izixhumi ze-fiber optical ezisetshenziswa bethuI-ONUimikhiqizo:
I-SC/UPC
➢ Isixhumi sokubhalisa/Okujwayelekile
➢ Uhlobo lwe-Push, kulula ukuyilayisha nokuyikhipha
➢ yisixhumi esivame kakhulu. Isisindo esincane, usayizi omncane, kulula ukusebenza
➢ Imbobo ye-PON yeOLTfuthiI-ONU
SC/APC
➢ Ukuthintana ngokomzimba okune-angle
➢ Gaya bese upholisha indawo engaphansi kwe-microsphere nge-engeli engu-8 degrees
➢ Buyisela ukulahlekelwa ≥ 60dB, evame ukusetshenziswa kunethiwekhi yekhebula ye-TV ukudlulisa isignali ye-CATV
I-Loop-Detect: Ukutholwa kwe-Port loop: Thumela imilayezo ebalulekile ezimbobeni zedivayisi futhi uthole ukuthi imilayezo ingathunyelwa ivela kuphi. Imbobo okuyiwa kuyo iyamukelwa futhi ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi ingabe ikhona yini i-loopback echwebeni. Uma kukhona i-alamu ethunyelwe ucingo, vala imbobo. Ngemuva kokuthi iluphu isuliwe, vula kabusha imbobo bese ubika ukucishwa kwe-alamu.
Uma usebenzisaI-ONUimikhiqizo, izobandakanya indlela esiphatha ngayoI-ONU:
Izindlela ezine zokuphatha zeI-ONU
Ukuphatha WEB
Ukuphathwa kwe-CLI
Ukuphathwa kwe-OAM/OMCI
I-TR069/SNMP
15.I-ONU-OAM/OMCI
OAM
√ Ukusebenza, Ukuphatha Nokunakekela
√ Izinga lamazwe ngamazwe IEEE 802.3 ah, izinga lasekhaya le-CTC 3.0
√ I-OAM iyisivumelwano sokuxhumana phakathiI-ONUkanye ne-EPONOLTkumodi ye-EPON "inqubo yokutholwa" "isixhumanisi sokulungisa" "umbuzo nokusetha" "i-alamu"
I-OMCI
√ ONT Management&Control Interface "ONT Management&Control Interface"
√ Izinga lamazwe ngamazwe ITU-T G984. x ITU-T G988
√ I-OMCI iyiphrothokholi yokusebenzisana phakathiI-ONUkanye ne-GPONOLTkumodi ye-GPON
I-SNMP — I-Simple Network Management Protocol
Isetshenziselwa indawo yokusebenza yokuphatha ukuphatha ukude wonke amadivayisi enethiwekhi asekela umthetho olandelwayo, okuhlanganisa ukubuza isimo senethiwekhi, ukulungisa ukulungiselelwa kwenethiwekhi, nokwamukela ulwazi oluyisixwayiso lomcimbi wenethiwekhi. “Ukuphathwa Kokucushwa” “Ukuphathwa Kwamaphutha” “Ukuphathwa Kokusebenza” “Ukuphathwa Kwezokuphepha”
Imiqondo emibili ebalulekile ye-SNMP yi-MIB (Isisekelo Solwazi Lokuphatha) kanye ne-OID (Isihlonzi Sento)
Isisekelo solwazi lokuphatha i-MIB: sichaza ulwazi lokuphatha olungasetshenziswa ocingweni. I-ejenti nesiteshi sokuphatha zisebenzisa i-MIB njengesixhumi esibonakalayo sedatha sokuxhumana
I-OID yesihlonzi sento: into ephethwe yi-MIB (inkomba eyingqayizivele)
Isibonelo, 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0 Thola ulwazi lwesistimu oluyisisekelo (SysDesc)
16. I-Network Topology
√ I-WiFi ingaxhunywa nge-topology yenethiwekhi ehlukene, futhi ukutholakala kwayo nokufinyelela kunethiwekhi nakho kunezidingo nezinyathelo zayo. Inethiwekhi engenantambo ye-WiFi ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili ze-topology: ingqalasizinda kanye ne-ad-hoc. Imiqondo emibili ebalulekile eyisisekelo: isiteshi (STA): ingxenye eyisisekelo yenethiwekhi. Itheminali ngayinye exhunywe kunethiwekhi engenantambo (njengekhompyutha ephathekayo, i-PDA nezinye izisetshenziswa zabasebenzisi ezingaxhunywa kunethiwekhi) ingabizwa ngokuthi isiteshi. Iphoyinti lokufinyelela okungenantambo (AP): umdali wenethiwekhi engenantambo kanye nendawo emaphakathi yenethiwekhi. Ngokuvamile, i-wirelessumzilaesetshenziswa ekhaya noma ehhovisi i-AP. Isiteshi, ukhiye (ofana ne-WEP), iphrothokholi yenethiwekhi (efana ne-DHCP), ibhuloho, njll. idinga ukusethwa. Amaklayenti ayideskithophu, i-notebook, ikhompuyutha ephathwa ngesandla namanye amadivaysi omsebenzisi.
√ Inethiwekhi engenantambo eyisisekelo esekelwe ku-AP
√ Idalwe yi-AP futhi yakhiwa ama-STA amaningi
√ I-AP iyisikhungo sayo yonke inethiwekhi
√ I-STA ayikwazi ukuxhumana ngqo yodwa futhi idinga ukudluliselwa yi-AP. Okulandelayo yi-topology yokukhiqiza ye-GPON yenkampani yethuOLT/XPONOLT/OLTI-ONU/ACI-ONU/ifoniI-ONU/WIFII-ONU/CATVI-ONUngereferensi:
17. I-OSI 7-Layer Network Architecture
√ Isendlalelo esibonakalayo: 802.11b sichaza izinga lokudluliswa kwedatha elingu-11Mbps elisebenza kubhendi yefrikhwensi ye-2.4GHz ISM Isendlalelo esibonakalayo sisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokudlulisa i-spectrum be-frequency-hopping (Frequency-hopping Spread Spectrum, FHSS) kanye ne-Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum,DSSS）
√ Isendlalelo se-MAC: Isendlalelo se-MAC sinikeza imisebenzi eminingi ukusekela ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi engenantambo. Ngesayithi lesendlalelo se-MAC Ungasungula inethiwekhi noma ufinyelele inethiwekhi ekhona futhi udlulisele idatha kusendlalelo se-LLC.
√ Isendlalelo se-LLC: I-IEEE802.11 isebenzisa isendlalelo esifanayo se-LLC kanye nekheli le-MAC elingu-48-bit njengekheli le-IEEE802.2, okwenza ibhuloho eliphakathi okungenantambo nelinentambo libe lula kakhulu. Kodwa ikheli le-MAC lihlukile kuphela ekunqumeni kwe-WLAN.
√ Isendlalelo senethiwekhi: Iphrothokholi ye-IP yamukelwa, okuyiphrothokholi ebaluleke kakhulu Kumihlahlandlela Ye-inthanethi okufanele ilandelwe lapho kuxhunyanwa kuyo.
√ Isendlalelo sezokuthutha: Iphrothokholi ye-TCP/UDP yamukelwe. I-TCP iyiphrothokholi egxile ekuxhumekeni futhi ingahlinzeka ngokudluliswa kwe-IPReliable ngaphansi kwemvelo; I-UDP iyiphrothokholi engaxhumeki enganikezeli ukwethembeka kwe-IP
√ Ukudluliselwa. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezithembeke kakhulu, isendlalelo sezokuthutha ngokuvamile samukela umthetho olandelwayo we-TCP. Isendlalelo sohlelo lokusebenza: sisetshenziswa ngokuya ngezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza, njengephrothokholi ye-HTTP, iphrothokholi ye-DNS (Isistimu yegama lesizinda, uhlelo lokuxazulula igama lesizinda). Njengamanje, u-Haidiwei uhlinzeka ikakhulukazi ngesendlalelo senethiwekhi kanye nemishini yongqimba yokudlulisela, njenge: all-opticalshintsha, SFP optical module, GPONOLT, GPONI-ONUuchungechunge, njengoba kuboniswe emfanekisweni olandelayo:
18.I-ONU+STB Gateway Box, Ephreli 7, 2022
Njengamanje, njengedivaysi yokugcina umsebenzisi,I-ONUiyithuluzi elihlukile elizimele ngaphandle kwebhokisi le-TV yedijithali. Ixhunywe kusistimu yebhokisi le-set-top ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi seI-ONUohlelweni lwe-EPON. Lapho isizukulwane esilandelayo senethiwekhi yokudlulisela sithuthukela ku-FTTH, umndeni ngamunye udinga amatheminali amabili, ibhokisi elilodwa lokumisa kanye nelilodwa.I-ONU, okuzomosha isikhala somsebenzisi futhi kwandise umthwalo wokusetshenziswa kwabasebenzisi. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-9602CI-ONU+Ubuchwepheshe bomkhiqizo we-STB sebuphenduke umgomo wemboni. Ngokuhlanganisa imisebenzi yeI-ONUebhokisini le-set-top, umsebenzi we-set-top box uzoba namandla kakhulu, isivinini sokucubungula idatha sizoshesha, futhi ithemba lohlelo lokusebenza lizoba banzi.
Njengamanje, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-IPTV kubhekene kakhulu nebhodlela lobuchwepheshe lokuthi unganqamula kanjani umkhawulo we-broadband, kanye nokubaluleka kwangempela kokungena kwe-telecommunications optical fiber ekhaya. Inethiwekhi yokubona yokufinyelela ye-10G-PON ayikwazi kuphela ukuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi balalele futhi babuke uchungechunge lwezinhlelo ezicebile nezimangalisayo zokulalelwayo ezifana ne-HD, UHD, 3D, kodwa futhi inikeza abasebenzisi izinsizakalo ze-inthanethi ezinamandla njengokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ku-inthanethi, ku-inthanethi. ukufundisa, ukuhweba nge-inthanethi, ingxoxo yezwi, ukuxhumana ngevidiyo, njll, Ingadlala ngisho nendima yokuba umgcini wasendlini ekhaya lomsebenzisi, inikeze abasebenzisi ukuvikeleka kwekhaya okuhle kakhulu, I-inthanethi Yezinto Yasekhaya nezinye izinsiza zasekhaya ezihlakaniphile. Ukuze kuxazululwe izinkinga ezingenhla, i-Shenzhen Haidwiwei Optoelectronic Technology Co., Ltd. ihlongoze i-“9602CI-ONU+STB” iphrojekthi ye-R&D. Ngale njongo, kunikezelwe ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe, ukucwaninga okwengeziwe kobuchwepheshe obuphezulu nokusekelwa kwevolumu ephezulu, kanye nokucwaninga amathuluzi enethiwekhi amasha futhi afanele ngempela iningi lamaqembu.
19. I-MINI SquareI-ONU
OkwamanjeI-ONUimishini ikakhulukazi yakhiweI-ONUi-chip, i-BOSA (i-Bi-direction Optical Subassembly) i-bidirectional optical transceiver module, i-module yamandla, ibhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe kanye negobolondo elivikelayo; II-ONUi-chip, i-optical module kanye ne-module yamandla ihlanganiswe ebhodini lesifunda eliphrintiwe; Ukuphela kwe-BOSA yayo iyisixhumi esine-pigtail, esigxilwe ebhodini lesifunda eliphrintiwe futhi sisetshenziselwa ukuxhuma ngesixhumi se-fiber optical esivela ku-optical line terminal.OLT; Esinye isiphetho seBOSA siphinde sixhunywe nebhodi le-PCB; Lesi sakhiwo siholela kumthamo omkhulu wayo yonkeI-ONUumkhiqizo, uthatha isikhala futhi akulula ukuwufaka, futhi kunzima ukushiya ithreyi ye-fiber optical. Kuyohlale kunengxenye yefiber optical eveziwe, esengozini kakhulu ochungechungeni lwezinkinga ezifana nokuphuka kwefayibha kanye nokwehluleka kokuguqulwa kwesignali okubangelwa amandla angaphandle. Ukuze uxazulule izinkinga ezingenhla, i-“MINII-ONUsquare” iphrojekthi yocwaningo nentuthuko yabekwa phambili. Ngale njongo, kwenziwa ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, ukusekelwa okwengeziwe kobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kanye nevolumu ephezulu kwacwaningwa, futhi kwacwaningwa nemishini yenethiwekhi emisha nefanele ngempela. I-Shenzhen Haidwiwei Optoelectronics inikeza izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-GPONI-ONU/WIFII-ONU/Izinsizakalo ze-ODM, ezihlinzeka ngesevisi yokuma okukodwa kumakhasimende alolu hlobo lwebhizinisi.
20. I-MINI Transceiver
I-transceiver ye-fiber optical yendabuko iyiyunithi yokuguqula imidiya ye-Ethernet eshintshanisa amasignali kagesi amabili asontekile amabanga amafushane namasignali okubona amabanga amade, anweba ibanga lokuxhuma le-Ethernet futhi ephule umkhawulo webanga elingamamitha ayi-100 kusetshenziswa ipheya esontekile. Ama-transceivers e-fiber optical ngokuvamile asetshenziswa endaweni yangempela yenethiwekhi lapho ikhebula le-Ethernet lingakwazi ukumboza futhi i-fiber optical kumele isetshenziselwe ukunweba ibanga lokudlulisela, futhi ngokuvamile ibekwe ekusetshenzisweni kongqimba lokufinyelela lwenethiwekhi yendawo ye-broadband. Ngokuvamile, i-interface kagesi ye-optical fiber transceiver emakethe ixhunywe ngqo ne-chip enkulu. Esimeni sokushintsha okungazelelwe kwe-voltage yokufaka noma yamanje, izinga lokudlulisela kanye nekhwalithi izothinteka, futhi i-chip eyinhloko izolimala kalula. Ukuze kuxazululwe lezi zinkinga ezingenhla, kuhlongozwa iphrojekthi ye-R&D ye-“IC+175 MINI transceiver”: ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe, ukufunda okwengeziwe ngobuchwepheshe obuphezulu nokusekelwa kwevolumu ephezulu, nokufunda imishini yenethiwekhi emisha nefanele ngempela iningi. yamaqembu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inkampani yethu idinga umnyango wezezimali ukuthi umise i-akhawunti emele yokubala ngezindleko zocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi, futhi izimali zingaphansi kokuphathwa kwesikhwama esikhethekile. Umnyango wezobuchwepheshe kufanele uqinise ukuphathwa kwephrojekthi, futhi eminye iminyango yenkampani izohlinzeka ngosizo nokubambisana ngokuvumelana nezidingo zethimba lephrojekthi ye-R&D ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqaliswa nokuqedwa kahle kwephrojekthi. I-Shenzhen Haidwiwei Optoelectronic Technology Co., Ltd. ihlinzeka nge-fiber opticalshintshakanye nezinsizakalo ze-ODM
21. I-POE ye-nano transceiver enamandla
Enqubweni yokufaka izintambo ze-fiber optical optical, imishini yokuguqula i-photoelectric idinga ukufakwa, kuyilapho imishini yokuguqula isithombe kagesi ekhona isebenzisa imodi eyodwa yokunikeza amandla, okungukuthi, ukuthola amandla okusebenza kwezinye izinto zokuhlinzeka amandla ukuze kugcinwe ukuzinza. Kodwa-ke, uma imbobo yokutholwa kwamandla yempahla yokuguqula i-photoelectric yehluleka, noma inhlangano yokuphakela amandla ihluleka, okokusebenza kokuguqula ugesi wesithombe ngeke kusebenze ngokujwayelekile, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte kakhulu inqubo yokusebenza. Ukuze kuxazululwe lezi zinkinga ezingenhla, kuhlongozwa iphrojekthi ye-R&D ye-“IC+nano PD POE” R&D: ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe, ukufunda okwengeziwe ngobuchwepheshe obuphezulu nokusekelwa kwevolumu ephezulu, nokufunda imishini yenethiwekhi emisha nefanele ngempela iningi lamaqembu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inkampani yethu idinga umnyango wezezimali ukuthi umise i-akhawunti emele yokubala ngezindleko zocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi, futhi izimali zingaphansi kokuphathwa kwesikhwama esikhethekile. Umnyango wezobuchwepheshe kufanele uqinise ukuphathwa kwephrojekthi, futhi eminye iminyango yenkampani izohlinzeka ngosizo nokubambisana ngokuvumelana nezidingo zethimba lephrojekthi ye-R&D ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqaliswa nokuqedwa kahle kwephrojekthi.
22. Iyunithi yenethiwekhi ye-OpticalI-ONU
OLT: ukuphela komugqa obonakalayo, ophethe amadivaysi amaningi agcinayo (ama-ONU). Futhi iyidivayisi ekungeneni kwenethiwekhi yangaphandle kanye nasekungeneni kwenethiwekhi yangaphakathi. Iqhaza: hlinzeka ngesixhumi esibonakalayo eseceleni kwenethiwekhi yenethiwekhi yokufinyelela ebonakalayo futhi uxhumane nayoI-ONUohlangothini lomsebenzisi nge-ODN eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Ubudlelwano phakathiOLTfuthiI-ONUukuxhumana kwenkosi nesigqila. I-ODN: inethiwekhi yokusabalalisa okubonakalayo, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-optical splitter. Isignali yendlela yokubona yomugqa we-trunk isatshalaliswa kumishini kumatheminali amaningi (ONUs). Iqhaza: Inikeza izindlela zokudlulisa amehlo phakathiOLTfuthiI-ONU. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuqedela isabelo samandla wesignali ye-optical. I-ODN iyinethiwekhi yokusabalalisa ye-optical passive nje eyakhiwe izingxenye ze-passive optical (njenge-fiber optical nekhebula, isixhumi esibonakalayo nesihlukanisi esibonakalayo).I-ONU: iyunithi yenethiwekhi ye-optical; Ngokuvamile, ingaqondwa njengekhayaumzilaor shintsha. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinto ezisetshenziswa kunethiwekhi evamile esontekile ukuthi kukhona imbobo yenethiwekhi yokubona eyengeziwe. Umsebenzi: Inikeza isixhumi esibonakalayo esikude somsebenzisi senethiwekhi yokufinyelela yamehlo, etholakala ohlangothini lomsebenzisi lwe-ODN. I-OAN iyinethiwekhi yokufinyelela esebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokudlulisa i-fiber optical, okungukuthi, uhlelo lokuxhumana phakathi kwehhovisi elishintshayo lendawo kanye nabasebenzisi abasebenzisa i-optical fiber transmission iyonke noma ingxenye. Inethiwekhi ye-Optical access ingahlukaniswa nge-passive optical network (PON) kanye ne-active Optical network (AON). Uma kuqhathaniswa nalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zamanethiwekhi okukhanya, ukuthuthukiswa kwenethiwekhi ye-passive optical kuzoba ngokushesha ngokwezindleko. Ngokusho kwendawo ethize yeI-ONUkunethiwekhi yokufinyelela optical, i-OAN ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana eziyisisekelo zohlelo lokusebenza ezihlukene: 1) I-Optical fibre to junction box (FTTCab) 2) Optical fibre to roadside (FTTCub) 3) Optical fibre to building (FTTB) 4) Optical fibre to ikhaya (FTTH) kanye ne-optical fibre to office (FTTO) ubuchwepheshe be-PON: I-PON iyinethiwekhi ye-single-way two way optical access enesakhiwo se-point-to-multipoint (P2MP), futhi i-topology yayo ejwayelekile uhlobo lwesihlahla.
23. Ungahlukanisa kanjani inethiwekhi yokufinyelela opticalOLTfuthiI-ONU
YiniOLT?
Igama eliphelele leOLTi-Optical Line Terminal.OLTiyitheminali ye-optical line, okuyimishini yokuphela kwehhovisi yezokuxhumana. Isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma imigqa ye-fiber optical trunk. Isebenza njenge-ashintshaor umzilakunethiwekhi yokuxhumana yendabuko, futhi iyithuluzi ekungeneni kwenethiwekhi yangaphandle kanye nokungena kwenethiwekhi yangaphakathi. Ekupheleni kwehhovisi, imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu yokwenza ukuhlela kwethrafikhi, ukulawulwa kwebhafa, kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo senethiwekhi ye-passive optical egxile kumsebenzisi kanye nokwabiwa komkhawulokudonsa. Ngamagama alula, kuwukubona imisebenzi emibili: ukufinyelela phezulu komfula kunethiwekhi ye-PON; Ngomfula ongezansi, idatha etholiwe izothunyelwa futhi isatshalaliswe kubo bonkeI-ONUamadivaysi okugcina abasebenzisi ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-ODN.
YiniI-ONU?
I-ONUiyunithi yenethiwekhi yokubona.I-ONUinemisebenzi emibili: ukuthola ngokukhetha ukusakaza okuthunyelwaOLT, kanye nokwamukela nokuphendula iOLTuma idinga ukuthola idatha; Qoqa futhi ulondoloze idatha ye-Ethernet abasebenzisi okudingeka bayithumele, bese uthumela idatha egcinwe kunqolobane ku-OLTi-terminal ngokuya ngewindi lokuthumela elabelwe.
Kunethiwekhi ye-FTTx (chofoza lapha ukuze ufunde ngokushesha nge-FTTx), izindlela ezihlukene zokuthumela zeI-ONUukufinyelela nakho kuhlukile, isibonelo, i-FTTC (I-Fiber To The Curb):I-ONUibekwe ekamelweni lekhompyutha eliphakathi kweseli; I-FTTB (I-Fiber Iya Esakhiweni):I-ONUibekwe ebhokisini lokuhlangana lephaseji; I-FTTH (I-Fiber Iya Ekhaya):I-ONUibekwe kumsebenzisi wasekhaya.
24. Mayelana nokuthi Isetshenziswa Kanjani Amamojula we-Gigabit Optical anama-Switch
Indlela yokufanisa amamojula optical kanye nokushintsha bekulokhu kuyindaba eshisayo embonini. Ukufana phakathi kokushintsha kanye namamojula optical akugcini nje ngokunquma ukuthi angasetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile ngemva kokuxhumeka, kodwa futhi kuthinta ukuthi uhlelo lwenethiwekhi lungathuthukiswa yini ngezindleko eziphansi kanye nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu esigabeni sakamuva. Ngakho-ke, i-HDV izogxila endleleni yokusebenzisa amamojula we-gigabit optical ngokushintsha. Okweshintsha, imbobo yokubona yozimeleshintshangokuvamile iyakwazi ukusekela ukusetshenziswa kwemojula yegigabit optical port ye-10-gigabit optical port, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemojula ye-100-gigabit optical yesixhumi esibonakalayo segigabit, okungukuthi, ijubane lehle. Nokho, i-uplink optical port yebhokisishintshaayikusekeli ukuncishiswa kwesivinini okungenhla, futhi imbobo yokubona ephansi ye-downlink ingasekela ukuncishiswa kwesivinini okungenhla ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile. Nokho, ngokuvamile akunconywa ukunciphisa isivinini sembobo yokukhanya. Ngakho-ke, i-gigabit optical module kanye ne-gigabitshintshaziyizinqumo ezinhle kakhulu.
I-gigabit optical module isekelwe ezimweni ezihlukene zohlelo lokusebenza: ukuxhumana kwedatha, izinto ezisetshenziswayo zegumbi lekhompiyutha, isikhungo sedatha, ukuqapha ukuphepha, nokulawulwa kwezimboni.
25. OwethuOLTIzisetshenziswa
OLTiyitheminali yomugqa wokubona. Kuyi-OLTisistimu yokuphatha inethiwekhi esekelwe ku-CLI, WEB kanye ne-NMS, esetshenziselwa ukuxhuma imishini yokugcina ye-optical fiber trunk. Ngokusekelwe ohlelweni lwethiyori lohlelo lwe-EPON,OLTiqonda isimiso sayo sokusebenza, ihlaziya izidingo zebhizinisi zamatheminali emigqa yokubona, ihlukanisa amamojula ayinhloko asebenzayo, futhi ixoxe ngemisebenzi yengxenye ngayinye yesistimu ye-EPON. Izinzuzo zeOLTamasayizi amancane, amathuluzi alula, izindleko eziphansi zokufakwa nokulungisa, kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okuncane uma kuqhathaniswa. Imishini ye-Passive optical iyaguquguquka ekuxhumekeni, futhi i-topology yayo ingasekela isihlahla, inkanyezi, ibhasi, i-hybrid, engafuneki kanye nezinye izihloko zenethiwekhi. Kulula ukuyifaka, inezinhlobo zasendlini nezangaphandle. Ukuma kwayo kwangaphandle kungalengiswa ngokuqondile odongeni noma kubekwe esigxotsheni "H", ngaphandle kokuqasha noma ukwakha igumbi lomshini. Kodwa-ke, uhlelo olusebenzayo ludinga ukuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric kanye ne-electro-optical, futhi izindleko zokukhiqiza imishini ziphezulu. Idinga ukusebenzisa izingosi ezikhethekile namagumbi omshini. Inkinga yokunikezwa kwamandla akude kunzima ukuyixazulula, futhi umsebenzi wokulungisa nsuku zonke mkhulu. Inethiwekhi ye-Passive Optical ifanele ukuxhumana kwe-point-to-multipoint. I-passive optical splitter kuphela esetshenziswayo ukubona ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla okukhanya. Inethiwekhi ye-Passive Optical iyinethiwekhi ehlanzekile emaphakathi, egwema ngokuphelele ukuphazamiseka kukazibuthe kanye nomthelela wombani, futhi ifaneleka ngokwedlulele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinezimo zemvelo ezimbi. Ngokombono wokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, ukunwetshwa kwenethiwekhi ye-passive optical kulula, futhi akubandakanyi ukuguqulwa kwemishini. Kudingeka ukuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe yesisetshenziswa kuphela. Imishini ye-Hardware ithengwa kanye futhi isetshenziswe isikhathi eside, okubeka isisekelo sokuthi i-optical fiber ingene ekhaya futhi iqinisekise ukutshalwa kwezimali kwabasebenzisi.
