Ibhulogi

(1) Umzila wokuthuthukiswa kwe-10G PON Technology i-EPON ebuswa yi-IEEE, kanye ne-GPON ephethwe yi-ITU zombili ziguqukela kusiteji se-GPON esingu-10 okwamanje futhi ukuhlela okulandelayo kokubili i-100G PON. Kukhona umehluko othile emizileni ethize yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, kanye ne-evo ehambisanayo...

Inethiwekhi ebizwa nge-PON iqukethe izingxenye ezintathu: i-OLT, i-ODN kanye ne-ONU.Idivayisi ye-OLT itholakala kungqikithi ye-topology yenethiwekhi. Ifinyelela amanethiwekhi amaningi wesevisi phezulu kanye nezinsizakalo zabasebenzisi abaningi phansi nge-ODN. Kuyi-node ebalulekile ye-service agg...

Umzila kuyinqubo lapho i-router ithola khona iphakethe kwisixhumi esibonakalayo esisodwa, iqondise iphakethe ngokwekheli eliya kuyo bese ilidlulisela kwesinye isixhumi esibonakalayo. Kuyithuluzi lokudlulisela iphakethe lesendlalelo senethiwekhi esisebenza engxenyeni yesithathu yereferensi ye-OSI...

I-SONET: inethiwekhi ye-synchronous optical, i-digital transmission standard, yethulwa e-United States ngo-1988. Isignali kagesi yezinga le-1 ichazwa njenge-STS-1, futhi isignali ye-optical yezinga 1 ichazwa njenge-OC-1, ngesilinganiso se-51.84Mb /s. Ngalesi sisekelo, thuthukisa ngokusebenzisa...

Indlela yokunquma ye-IPv4 yabekwa ngasekupheleni kwawo-1970. Ekuqaleni kwawo-1990, ukusetshenziswa kwe-WWW kwaholela ekuthuthukisweni kokuqhuma kwe-inthanethi. Ngezinhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-inthanethi eziya ziba yinkimbinkimbi kanye nokuhlukahluka kwetheminali , ukuhlinzekwa kwe-indep yomhlaba...

Ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kudingeke ukuthi sikhiphe ucezu olufanayo lwekhodi izikhathi eziningi. Ngokuvamile, izitatimende zohlelo zenziwa ngokulandelana: isitatimende sokuqala kumsebenzi senzeka kuqala, silandelwe isitatimende sesibili, njalo njalo. Izilimi zokuhlela zihlinzeka ngendawo yokulawula eminingi...